Ilmu Yunani dan Yahudi

Latin as an intellectual language has been by and large abandoned. however, student of natural philosophy must first penetrate it, before reaching the ultimate destination, the heart of Greek wisdom. in order to make the most sense out of the nonsense, we modern learner are left with but a few traces and tracks to start off with:

bonus, comp. melior, superl. optimus.
“melior” shares root with L. multus, comp. plus (<*pleos); "optimus" shares root with L. ops, gen. opis.

by analogy, good/better/best in English displays similar pattern (we still have the fossil of “to boot“).

ferre, prp. ferens, pp. latus.
“latus” (<*tlatos) shares root with L. tollere, tolerare.

by analogy, go/went/gone in English displays similar pattern (we still use “wend” as a separate verb).

cognate tree names in Old English and Latin:

see, the correspondence is not unfounded. however, some direct loans deserve attention as well:

cypress, maple, oak, poplar, teak, willow etc. are to be commented upon.

this is a fragment, labeled Stein 3354, secured (L. securus) by Sir Marc Aurel Stein from a stone cave book store in 1907, now in the British Library.

this is another fragment, labeled Pelliot chinois 2767, rescued (L. re- + excutere) by Paul Pelliot from the same place in 1908, now in the Bibliotèque nationale de France (BnF, note: the French do not capitalize the second initial alphabet).

it was immediately apparent that the right part of S.3354 is perfect match of the left part of P.2767. together they form joined fragments of the age of at least 1,000 years, of a classic and its commentary datable to 300B.C. and A.D.300, respectively.

malaya was first colonized by the Portuguese, followed by the Dutch, and excelled by the English.
from Port.:
junk “Chinese sailing ship”, from Port. junco, from Malay jong.
launch “large boat carried on a warship”, from Port. lancha, from Malay lancaran.
mango, from Port., from Malay mangga.
from Port. or Du.:
cassowary, from Port. or Du., from Malay kasuari.
compound “enclosure of residence”, from Port. or Du., from Malay kampung.
sago, from Port. or Du., from Malay sagu.
from Du.:
cockatoo, from Du., from Malay kakatua.
from Malay:
caddy, from Malay kati.
gong, from Malay gong.
mangosteen, from Malay manggis.
paddy, from Malay padi.
rattan, from Malay rotan.
[warning: this list is by no means exhaustive.]

we owe a number of oide (ode) to the greek.
first of all, we still use tragos (goat) + oide = tragodia (tragedy) and komos (carousal) + oide = komoidia (comedy), seasoned by occasional para (beside) + oide = paroidia (parody).
you enjoy either rhapsos (stitch) + oide = rhapsoidia (rhapsody) or melos (limb) + oide = meloidia (melody), as long as they follow proper pros (to) + oide = prosoidia (prosody).
before i sing the monos (single) + oide = monoidia (monody) or threnos (lament) + oide = threnoidia (threnody), i wish to make a palin (again) + oide = palinoidia (palinode) that epi (in addition) + eis (into) + hodos (way) = epeisodios (episode), as some might guess, is not one of the oide, but hodos (to be clarified).

if you are to consult Jilid 1 (1992), Jilid 2 (1993), and Jilid 4 (1995) of jurnal filologi melayu for materials about kedukan bukit, talang tuwo etc., you are fated to share my dissatisfaction.
al-ahmadi presents the inscriptions poorly. ś is sometimes written as ç (perhaps following the french tradition), but in the rest of the cases it is just plain s. the dapunta is just “dipertuan” in Jilid 1 (1992) but becomes important in Jilid 4 (1995).
the number of inscriptions is never clearly stated, kedukan bukit is quoted in Jilid 1 (1992), talang tuwo and kota kapur in Jilid 2 (1993). karang brahi and telaga batu are briefed in the latter issue but only the second item is elaborated in Jilid 4 (1995), together with palas pasemah.
readers can count the total: kedukan bukit, talang tuwo, batu kapur, karang brahi, palas pasemah, and telaga batu. it seems to be 6, but there is not a single word about the boom baru discovered by the 1980’s at all.
the author gives us an impression that he himself was not even fully informed when he published his comprehensive introduction on the supposingly most authoritative journal in malay filology.

when being asked about arabic equivalents of hebrew names, it is natural for us to cite yusof, yakob and yahya for joseph, jacob and john respectively.
when being asked about famous authors who published works under either of those names, john, the author of a gospel and the revelation, first pops out in our mind.
then was any joseph or jacob a prolific writer? the answers are josephus and jacob of edessa.
josephus was a jew who composed essays in greek, with reference to the wealth of greek literature probably accessible in alexandria.
jacob of edessa was a native of antioch who produced original treatises in syriac, other than translations from greek.
trust me, they were very important figures in late antiquity and early middle ages.

that being said, can we find a place where classical languages (greek, latin) and biblical languages (hebrew, aramaic) are/were simultaneously spoken? the answer is hellenistic/roman palestine. the land was so sacred that she nurtured jesus and, consequently, the new testament.
now, let us view from another angle. a major factor that upgrades comparative indo-european is the discovery of sanskrit (in the eyes of the europeans). likewise, comparative semitic renders arabic indispensable. then, can we pinpoint a place where sanskrit (or her offsprings) copulate with arabic (or his offsprings)? the answer is pakistan (and, to a lesser extant, bangladesh, the two traitors that betrayed indian tradition in a treason). as simple-minded classicists and biblicists, we would expect the most evil thing to come out from the pakis, since they are at the very opposite extreme from the roots of western civilization.
incidentally, the chinese retards often confuse palestine and pakistan, because the two names, transcribed in chinese, only display a minor difference in the second syllable (balesitan vs. bajisitan). however, the former used to be a juncture of greek/latin+hebrew/aramaic, while the latter is but a mixture of corrupt sanskrit+arabic.

ilmu yunani = Classical Studies + Comparative Indo-European
ilmu yahudi = Biblical Studies + Comparative Semitic
whoever, among the eastern retards, masters the four disciplines above almost certainly has a good grasp of the roots of western civilization. however, such impossible task is yet to be substantially accomplished by any oriental dumb head.

taisho 626 ajatashatru, magadha king, son of bimbisara, transcribed 阿闍世. coblin 1981 sutided it. its sanskrit original was thought to had been lost, until a fragment in brahmi script was discovered in bamiyan, afghanistan in the 1990s (currently part of the schøyen collection). of course, paul harrison joined the editorial team and published it in 2000 (one more fragment in 2002).

in Old English, “wife” is coupled with “were”, later replaced by Old Norse “husband”, literally house-bound⁴ (”bound⁴” originates from Old Norse as well). the eliminated loser survives as the “were-” in “werewolf”. similarly, in Old English, “moot” is meeting. but Old Norse introduced “hustings”, literally house thing, preserving the original meaning of “thing”.